雅思写作 你还无法正确表达‘比例’吗？

在雅思写作小作文书写过程中，比例是大概率会出现的描述对象，很多同学都很有可能会写下如下错句，并且还为自己用了些许less common words 而沾沾自喜：

1. The percentage of electricity produced by coal accounted for 40% in 1980.

2. The proportion of electricity produced by coal constituted 40% in 1980.

如果有还看不出来上述句子中错误的同学，亦或是对于比例句型的同义替换还束手无策的同学，快跟着小航继续往下看哦，蒋老师特别为大家精心整理了一些剑桥真题中的例句，并且详细分了类！

01基础句型或括号解释

基础句型：the proportion 是多少。

1. Couples generally tended to be better, with lower poverty levels for couples without children(7%)than those with children(12%). C4T1

夫妻一般倾向于呈现更好的家庭水平，与没有孩子的夫妇相比（12%），没有孩子的夫妇（7%）的贫困水平更低。

2. By contrast, more women held undergraduate diplomas(70%)and marginally more women reached degree level(55%). C4T3

相比之下，更多的女性持有本科文凭（70%），也有较多女性达到了学位水平（55%）。

3. In 1940the proportionof people aged 65 or morestood at only5% in Japan,approximately 7% in Sweden and9% in the US. C5T1

1940，日本65岁以上人口的比例仅为5%，瑞典为7%，美国为9%。

以上句型难度系数最低，适用于比例句型出错率较高的同学，对于写作目标分5.5-6分的同学而言，以上句型为必须掌握句型。

02解释+数据

解释+数据：*% of 总量 do something.

1. On average,11% of all households, comprising（非谓语动词） almost two million people, were in this position. C4T1

平均而言，11%的家庭，包括近二百万人，在这个水平。

2. In contrast, older people were generally less likely to be poor,only 4% for aged couple, and6% for single aged personrespectively. C4T1

相比之下，老年人一般不太可能贫穷，分别只有4%的老年夫妇，和6%的单身老人（是贫穷的）。

3. By 2000, coal had become the fuel formore than 75% of electricity produced and only hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%. C7T4

至2000年之前，煤炭已成为电力生产力超过75%的燃料，只有水力发电仍然是供应约20%的另一重要能源。

4. But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had developed into the main source, producingalmost 75% of electricity, at 126 units, while coal and oil together produced only 50 units. C7T4

但到2000年，澳大利亚完全不使用的核能已经发展成为（法国的）主要能源，生产将近75%的电力，有126个units，而煤和石油总共只生产50个units。

5. Globally,65% of degradationis caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30% respectively. A further 28% of global degradation in due to over-cultivation of crops. C8T1

全球65%的退化是由于动物放牧和树木清除过多造成的，分别占35%和30%。由于过度耕作而导致了全球更进一步28%的退化。

6. These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having as much as9.8% of degradationdue to deforestation, … C8T1

这些原因在20世纪90年代影响了不同的地区，欧洲因砍伐森林而造成的退化率高达9.8%。

7. The biggest gender difference is at the lowest post-school level, where90% of those who held a skilled vocational diplomawere men, compared with only 10% of women. C4T3

最大的性别差异是在毕业后最低学业水平，持有熟练职业文凭的人中有90%是男性，而女性只有10%。

应用：

Around 9% of population in the USAwere aged 65 and over, compared with only 7% and 5% in Sweden and Japan respectively. (C5T1)

以上句型难度系数较低，但是灵活度较高，对于写作目标分6-6.5分的同学而言，以上句型为必须掌握句型。

03动态图中比例增加或减少的体现

1. It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countriesis expected to increase to almost 25% of the respective populationsby the year 2040. C5T1

报告指出，预计到2040年，这三个国家的老年人口比例将增加到各自人口的将近25%。

2. However, while the figures for the Western countries grew toabout 15% in around 1990, the figure for Japan dipped toonly 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at the present time. C5T1

然而，当西方国家的数字在1990年左右增长到大约15%时，日本的数字在这个时期的大部分时间里只下降到2.5%，直到现在再次上升到几乎5%。

以上句型难度系数较低，完全基于动态句型，对于写作目标分5.5分以上的同学而言，以上句型为必须掌握句型。不会的同学，得先想想，是不是动态句型也没有很好地掌握呢？

04With+非谓语动词

1.However, those consisting of one parent or a single adult had almost doubled this proportion of poor people,with 21% and 19% respectively. C4T1

然而，由单亲或单身成年人组成的贫困人口比例几乎翻了一番，分别为21%和19%。

2. …while the impact of this on Oceania and North America was minimal,with only 1.7% and 0.2% of landaffected respectively. C8T1

...虽然这对大洋洲和北美洲的影响是微乎其微的，只有1.7%和0.2%的土地分别受到影响。

以上句型具有一定难度，对于写作目标分6分以上的同学而言，以上句型为必须掌握句型。【不会使用非谓语动词的同学可学习《胡敏雅思教材第7代雅思核心语法基础版》中pp78-81的内容，了解关系从句与非谓语动词作后置定语的用法】

05占比例词组的正确打开方式

占比例词组：Constitute, account for, make up, represents.

1. At the higher levels of education, men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterpart (70% and 30%, respectively), and also constituted60% of Master’s graduates. C4T3

在高等教育水平，拥有研究生文凭的男性明显多于女性（分别为70%和30%），也占硕士研究生的60%。

2. Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting35% and 30% respectively. C8T1

在全球范围内，65%的退化是由于动物放牧和树木清除过多造成的，分别占（退化总量的）35%和30%。

3. A German textoccupiesabout 30% more spacethan its English translation.

德语文本比英语翻译多占据了30%的篇幅。【occupy强调的是时间和空间的占用，所以使用的时候请小心哦】

4. Oxygenmakes uproughly 20% of the atmosphere.

氧气占大气的20%左右。

5. Chinese businessrepresents73% of the Indonesian corporate sector.

中国企业占印尼企业总数的73%。

以上句型具有一定难度，对于写作目标分6分以上的同学而言，以上句型为必须掌握句型。

讲到现在，不知道同学们能否修改放在文章前端的两个错句呢？以下是表达这个意思的正确打开方式，快来检测一下你有没有学会正确去表达比例！

1. The percentage of electricity produced by coalwas 40%in 1980.

2. Electricity produced by coalconstituted40% of total electricity produced in 1980.

3. 40% of electricitywas produced by coal in 1980.